Apparatus for producing water gas



Dec. 27, 1932. w. BENNHO LI 'J 1,892,456

APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING WATER GAS Filed Oct, 25, 1928 I M20260 wkwz, Mun/M 7 I ,j/W

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Patented 27, 1932 PATENT orrlc's WALTER amen), OI FUBSTENWALDE, GERMANY mm'rns iron. nomrcme warm ens -1pplleatlon an; October as, 1928,8eria1lo.

This invention relates to a water-gas generator with drying and distillingapparatus for pulverulent coal, and more particularly to a generator for the distillation of fine 5 grain or eration.

The pulverulent fuel is injected by means of a downwardly directednozzle into a perpendieularl disposed water gas generating which is traversed unidirectionally by a previously highly heated current of water as. At the same time steam is admitted, so t at in the water gas generating chamber conversion into water gas takes place imme- 15 diately. Regeneration is effected in a twochamber heater arranged centrally about the water-gas generating chamber, the said heater havmg two chambers or compartments. One chamber supplies heat to the water gas 0 entering together with the steam at the bottom, and in the other chamber a part of this gas is burnt together with air, while continuously pre-heated water gas flows into the water. gas generating chamber in a down- 25 ward direction. The water gas generating chamber communicates at its lower end with a separating chamber for deposit and removal of the ash, the circulatory current of gas and the fresh gas generated also being assed from this widened portion to a scruber. The waste gases" are expelled from the particular regenerator chamber which is heated through a socket situated at the bottom.

If pulverulent coal is employed, which previously requires subjection to a distilling or even' drying operation, the invention may be extended so as to combine the apparatus described above with an apparatus for the purose in question, whereby circulatory gas is likewise employed for conveying both the fuel as well as the heat. A particularly favorable arrangement is in this manner obtained by reason of the fact that the sensitive heat of the current of gas may then be utilized, this heat, as shown by experience and actual practice, being quite sufiicient for conducting a drying and distilling operation, even in the case of -fuel containing a large percentage of moisture. By employing the water gas as a vehicle pulverulent :fuels in continuous op- 814,887, and in Germany October 26, 1927.

it is moreover possible to obtain a simple closure of all transport connectionsperfectly safe against explosion. 'Finally, the steam released upon the drying operation may, as in the case of other known processes, be employed for generating the water gas, and introduced into the reaction zone through the medium of the circulatory current. 7

By way of example a form of embodiment of an apparatus will now be described suit able for drying, distilling andvgas-generating purposes when employing moist or pulverulent raw brown coal. In this connection it is also possible to employ the coal in somewhat coarser form, i. e., in s'malllumps, if necessary previously reduced to the desired size, as the same has the tendency when enterare shown diagrammatically in the drawing.

From the reaction chamber the water gas passes into the separating chamber 16, from which latter the ash may be removed at the bottom through any suitable outlet 16. The water gas uponits exit has a temperature of approximately 700 F., and flows. toa second dust or ash separator 17, which is roughly of a combined cylindrical and conical form. From 17 the gas is conveyed through two arallelly disposed and somewhat incline pipes 18 and 19. In the pipe 18 raw coal is lntroduced through a pipe 18 shortly behind 17 The coal is conveyed to the point of introduction from a bunker 20 via an intermediate bunker 21 through the medium of any known suitable means, not shown, which will effect the passage from bunker to intermediate bunker in such manner that a gastight closure is maintained.

The raw coal picked up and carried along by the hot current of water gas is dried down to a moisture content suitable for the ensuing part of the process. The drying pipe 18 must accordingly be of a suitable length, while the.

speed of the gas may be'taken at approximately 30 metres per second. The dried coal to regulate the flowof water gas through these pipes. As the manner in which the pipes 24 and 30 may be equipped with valves is clearly apparent to any one skilled in the art, and as the apparatus is diagrammatically illustrated, it is believed that it is not necessary to show these valves in the drawing. From this bunker the coal by means of a device similar to that described in connection with the parts 20-21 is introduced into the pipe 19, which is likewise traversed by hot water gas and in which, at approximately the same velocity as in 18, the final drying and distilling operation is performed. The coal in partly coked condition passes into a bunker 26, and if necessary from the latter into an adjacent disintegrating apparatus 27 In the form of powder the semi-coke is now conveyed through the pipe 28, likewise through the medium of water gas under pressure, into the bunker 29, from where it is conducted at high speed to the reaction chamber 1 of the water gas generator.

For the conveying lines 24 and 28 it is accordingly possible on each occasion to employ a branched-01f current of the circulating water gas. The remainder of the main quantity of gas passing out through the bunkers 23 and 26 is conveyed through pipes 30 and 31 to a cooling apparatus 32 and, if necessary, to a tar separating apparatus 33. A part of the gas is branched off and, taken through a separate scrubber 34, withdrawn in the form of useful gas. The remainder is I cooled in a special fine-cooling apparatus 35 down to a desired steam content, and returned through the pipe 36 back into the gas generator.

The whole arrangement accordingly forms a circulatory system of water 'gas, from which, beyond the useful gas, merely the gaspassing out of the intermediate container 25 and the bunker 29 is branched off. This conveying gas, to enable the same to be additionally employed, would re uire to have the dust separated therefrom; this, however, does I not present any great difliculty.

In the drawing the blowers employed for It will be understood that no restriction is made to the exact embodiment shown which, as will be appreciated, is merely intended diagrammatically, and that various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

An apparatus for generating water gas, having in combination, a water gas generating chamber, regenerators adjacent the chamber, means for admitting air and steam to the chamber, means for admitting finely divided fuel to the chamber, a primary dust and ash separator beneath and connected )to the water gas generating chamber, a second separator connected to the primary separator, two parallel inclined pipes for. conveying water gas and drying finely divided fuel connected to the second separator, means for introducing finely divided fuel to each of said pipes and means for conveying the dried fuel into said first-named fuel admission means.

In testimony whereof I have afiixed my signature.

WALTER BENNHOLD.

placing the gas under pressure have not been shown, as the same may be mounted in any suitable manner in accordance with particular requirements. 

